Yogesh N. V. Reddy, Hilary Dubrock, Paul M. Hassoun, Anna Hemnes, Evelyn Horn, Jane A. Leopold, Franz Rischard, Erika B. Rosenzweig, Nicholas S. Hill, Serpil C. Erzurum, Gerald J. Beck, Stephen C. Mathai, Monica Mukherjee, W. H. Wilson Tang, Barry A. Borlaug, Robert P. Frantz and the PVDOMICS Study Group
Mayo Clinic. Johns Hopkins University. Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Weill Cornell Medicine. Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School.
European Journal of Heart Failure
Eur J Heart Fail 2024;
DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3396
Abstract
Aims: The clinical utility of pulmonary hypertension (PH) risk scores in non-group 1 PH with pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) remains unresolved.
Methods and results: We utilized the prospective multicenter PVDOMICS cohort with group 2, 3, 4 or 5 PH-related PVD and calculated group 1 PH risk scores (REVEAL 2.0, REVEAL Lite 2, French registry score and COMPERA 2). The c-statistic to predict death was compared separately in (i) pre-capillary PH groups 3/4/5, and (ii) combined post- and pre-capillary PH group 2. Exercise right heart catheterization reserve, ventricular interdependence and right ventricular-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling were compared across risk categories. Among 449 individuals with group 3/4/5 PH, the REVEAL 2.0 risk score had the highest c-statistic for predicting death (0.699, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.660-0.737, p < 0.0001) with comparable performance using the simpler REVEAL Lite 2 score (0.695, 95% CI 0.656-0.734, p < 0.0001). The French and COMPERA 2 risk scores were also predictive of mortality, but performance of both was statistically inferior to REVEAL 2.0 (c-statistic difference -0.072, 95% CI -0.123 to -0.020, p = 0.006, and -0.043, 95% CI -0.067 to -0.018, p = 0.0007, respectively). RV function and RV-PA coupling measures were prognostic in isolation, but did not add incremental value to REVEAL (p > 0.50 for all). Findings were similar in patients with group 2 PH (n = 239). Stratification by the REVEAL Lite 2 score non-invasively identified non-group 1 PH with more advanced PVD with worse exercise capacity, RV-PA uncoupling, ventricular interdependence and impaired cardiac output reserve (p < 0.05 for all).
Conclusions: Non-invasive REVEAL risk predicts mortality in non-group 1 PH without incremental prognostic value from detailed RV function or RV-PA coupling assessment. Baseline REVEAL Lite 2 risk stratification non-invasively identifies greater pulmonary vascular dysfunction and right heart-related exercise limitation, which may help guide patient selection for targeted pulmonary vascular therapies in non-group 1 PH.
Category
Right Heart Dysfunction Associated with Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Symptoms and Findings Associated with Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Diagnostic Testing for Pulmonary Vascular Disease. Non-invasive Testing
Diagnostic Testing for Pulmonary Vascular Disease. Invasive Testing
Diagnostic Testing for Pulmonary Vascular Disease. Risk Stratification
Age Focus: Pediatric Pulmonary Vascular Disease or Adult Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Fresh or Filed Publication: Fresh (PHresh). Less than 1-2 years since publication
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