Sophie Breinig, Virginie Ehlinger, Jean-Christophe Rozé, Laurent Storme, Xavier Durrmeyer, Gilles Cambonie, Lionel Berthomieu, Valérie Benhammou, Geraldine Gascoin, Pierre-Yves Ancel, Catherine Arnaud
Children’s Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital and Toulouse University. Nantes University Hospital. Lille University Hospital. CHI Créteil. Montpellier University Hospital.
France
European Journal of Paediatric Neurology
Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2025; 55: 103-110
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2025.03.007
Abstract
Objective: To determine whether pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with higher risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome at age 5 in a population-based cohort of 22-31+6 preterm children.
Study design: In the EPIPAGE-2 French prospective population-based cohort of preterm children born in 2011, the neurodevelopmental outcome of children with PH was collected at 5 years. The primary outcome was a composite measure with four levels of neurodevelopmental disabilities: severe, moderate, mild, no disability, based on cerebral palsy, visual, hearing or cognitive deficiencies, behavioral difficulties and developmental coordination disorders. Secondary outcomes were autism spectrum disorders and school attendance. Missing data were multiply imputed. Developmental measures were compared using generalized estimating equations models.
Results: Of the 3007 eligible children, 1825 were analyzed, of whom 79 (4.3 %) were PH+. At age 5, 36.9 % (95 % CI, 26.0-47.8) of PH + children had moderate to severe overall neurodevelopmental disabilities compared with 17.9 % (95 % CI, 16.1-19.8) of PH-children, P < 0.001. Significant differences at 5 years between the PH+ and PH- groups were observed for cerebral palsy (CP) (6 % versus 2.3 % for severe CP, P = 0.003), cognitive deficiency (31.7 % versus 15.0 %, P < 0.001) and developmental coordination disorders (27.1 % versus 11.7 %, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in behavioral difficulties and autism spectrum disorders. Normal school was attended by 69.2 % of PH + children versus 88.3 % of PH- children.
Conclusion: In this nationwide population-based cohort of extremely preterm and very preterm infants, moderate to severe overall neurodevelopmental disability at age 5 was significantly associated with neonatal PH.
Category
Class III. Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Lung Disease
Quality of Life Associated with Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Symptoms and Findings Associated with Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Age Focus: Pediatric Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Fresh or Filed Publication: Fresh (PHresh). Less than 1-2 years since publication
Article Access
Free PDF File or Full Text Article Available Through PubMed or DOI: Yes