Yan Xu, Lei Shen, Nan Ding, Yaobin Zhu, Yige Chen, Gejingwa Zhao, Zhiqiang Li
Beijing Children’s Hospital, National Center for Children’s Health and Capital Medical University.
China
Infection and Drug Resistance
Infect Drug Resist 2026; 19:
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S623693
Abstract
Objective: Healthcare associated infection (HAI) in children after open-heart surgery contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality. We aimed to analyze the clinical and microbiological characteristics of HAI after pediatric cardiac surgery.
Methods: This single-center retrospective study was conducted in Beijing Children’s Hospital from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2025 including children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who underwent open-heart surgeries
Results: A total of 1206 patients were included in this study. The overall HAI rate was 13.6%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found underlying diseases (odds ratio [OR] = 12.342; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.744-26.518; P < 0.001), moderate and severe preoperative pulmonary artery hypertension (pre-PAH) (OR = 3.141; 95% CI: 1.311-7.527; P = 0.010 and OR = 3.312; 95% CI: 1.407-7.797, P = 0.006), and aortic cross-clamping (ACC) time (OR = 1.026; 95% CI: 1.008-1.045; P = 0.004) were significantly associated with postoperative HAI. Additionally, no significant association was observed between glucocorticoid use and postoperative HAI in our study. Of the 238 organisms detected, bacteria predominated (55.9%, 133/238). Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 89.5% (119/133) of the bacterial isolates, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the only multi-drug resistant organism (MDRO) identified.
Conclusion: Our study suggested underlying diseases, moderate and severe pre-PAH, and ACC time were independently associated with postoperative HAI. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the only MDRO among the most common gram-negative bacilli.
Category
Class I. Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Congenital Cardiovascular Disease
Procedural Risk and Care for Individuals with Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Age Focus: Pediatric Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Fresh or Filed Publication: Fresh (PHresh). Less than 1-2 years since publication
Article Access
Free PDF File or Full Text Article Available Through PubMed or DOI: Yes